Urban areas in Canada are funded by three generators of revenue:
- Grants from senior governments
- Fees and fines
- Property taxes
It has been a system that operated well for years and had funded lots of things such as roads, sewers, water and a few other similar items.
Unluckily, that system does not work with the complex society we have right now. We anticipate more from our cities. We expect transit services for those with no transportation of their own, welfare for our poorest citizens, parks and pools for our recreation, and a whole host of other services and regulations that have become indispensable in our society.
Setting a city budget is never simple. Council Members, who are not fiscal experts, have to wade through thousands of pages of papers set up by city staff in a few weeks, all the while facing tremendous political pressure from citizens to keep taxes low while retaining or improving the services demanded by these same taxpayers. The expectation of citizens has also become a factor. People want services in their area such as parks and pools and they expect that the city will provide them in their areas.
The notion that the needs of a modern municipality can be met with an 18th century property tax system is absurd. Property taxes make no distinction between the ability of a property owner to pay and the value of the land that he owns. The apocryphal widow on a fixed income who is barely scraping by being forced to give up her home because of a property tax increase has become a far more real possibility.
Income tax, regardless of how much we hate it, has at least the benefit of being based on your ability to pay the tax. If you don’t make a large income, you pay little or no tax; if you make lots of money, you pay more tax. Of course, this system has its flaws as well, but it does not force people out of their homes.
Of course, cities would compete against each other to have low tax rates — or better services with higher taxes as they do now to a certain extent with property tax levels.
An even better reason to go for a municipal income tax is an immediate reduction in property tax levels. With the new income tax, property taxes could go back to funding only stable infrastructure costs. This would give property owners a break while these same property owners pay increased income taxes based on ability to pay that tax.
As with any system, there would be winners and losers. However, any change would probably be an improvement over the mess that we are currently in.
http://www.brantfordexpositor.ca/ArticleDisplay.aspx?e=1702503
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